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American campaign slogan

Trump'south "Make America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence every bit his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Nifty Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a entrada slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the like slogan "Let's Make America Neat Once again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used information technology over again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential chief campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's use of the phrase "probably the most resonant entrada slogan in contempo history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread apply and spawning numerous variants in the arts, amusement and politics, being used past those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United States, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded linguistic communication.[4] [five] [6] [7] The slogan was too at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in nigh media outlets, the Jussie Smollett detest crime hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was kickoff used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the 3rd session of the 76th United States Congress in apprehension of the 1940 United States presidential ballot: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America nifty once again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertizement associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America bang-up once more" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'due south 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economic system at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country's economic distress as a springboard for his entrada, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[xiv] [fifteen] [16] [17] Inside his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned hope, nosotros'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America bully again."[xviii] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[twenty] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential master entrada.[22]

During the 2016 balloter campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'southward version, used every bit a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give yous an economy you had 50 years ago, and... movement you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book virtually her unsuccessful 2010 bid equally the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on August sixteen, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Cracking Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open considering, in a higher place all else, nosotros must brand America great again."[25] Also in Dec 2011, he published a volume using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Once again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Over again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Slap-up Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January one, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretarial assistant of State'due south function to create the "Make America Groovy Again Political party", which would have allowed Trump to exist that political party'south nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November seven, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his own account, Trump first considered "We Will Make America Great", but did non experience like it had the right "band" to it. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, but upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America considering it implied that America was never great. After selecting "Make America Swell Again", Trump immediately had an chaser annals information technology. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan'southward use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the U.s. Patent and Trademark Role requesting exclusive rights to utilise the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, afterward Trump formally began his 2016 presidential entrada and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early on as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Brand America Great Again" on a roadside in California before long afterward the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Go on America Keen" chapeau in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump oft used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular amidst his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at ane point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the existent hat x to 1. "...but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that's an advertisement."[28]

Following Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Keen" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] All the same, Trump's 2020 campaign continued to utilize the "Make America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America slap-up again, once again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention voice communication, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[38]

Less than a calendar week afterward Trump left office, he spoke to advisors near maybe establishing a third political party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his first few days out of office, he also supported Arizona country political party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the creation of a "MAGA Political party". In late January 2021, the one-time president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to foreclose Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Firm.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is non Presidential – it's Modernistic DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Peachy Again!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the start half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Marking Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post'due south retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a full of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lone include: i,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and three,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump set up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June xvi, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with peculiarly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May three, 2016) and later on winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, amid others,[5] [half dozen] explained how it is a loaded phrase considering information technology "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, only also to those who accept felt a loss of status as other groups accept go more than empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates as America First did in the early on 1940s, with the idea "that the truthful version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before information technology was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Over again' chapeau is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you article of clothing one, it'due south a pretty adept indication that y'all share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan equally "fabled", writing: "Information technology was vague enough to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going dorsum to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that about ten pct of black voters identified equally Trump supporters,[fifty] [ non-chief source needed ] while near thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified equally Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in Jan 2018 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should exist piffling doubt about Us President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His ballot entrada theme was finer a promise to 'Make America Great Again; America First and Only' and—nod, nod, flash, wink—to Make America White Again."[52]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and writer Peter Beinart published a 2006 volume titled The Proficient Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the State of war on Terror and Make America Great Again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Republic of iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a volume about her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Permit's Do What It Takes To Make America Bully Again.[54]

Afterward Donald Trump popularized the apply of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'southward primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Slap-up Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz afterward sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Once more", in response to Trump'due south boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016, debate.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico edge.[56] [57]

During remarks at the White House on May 4, 2022, President Biden referred to erstwhile President Trump's "Make America Nifty Again" movement, saying, "This MAGA crowd is really the most extreme political organization that's existed in American history, in contempo American history."[58]

Employ by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[59] [60] Former US Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did y'all think America was slap-up?"[61] [62] During John McCain'due south memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be made great once more because America was always keen."[63] Trump later tweeted "Brand AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!" later that 24-hour interval.[64]

Use by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks constitute that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[65]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet great over again."[66]

During his entrada for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, old opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Republic of indonesia neat again", though he denied having copied Trump.[67]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Brand Eu Lagom Again".[68] [69]

February 2019 Fridays for Time to come protest in Berlin with the line "Make World Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have often used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[70] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary picture named Make the Globe Greta Once more.[71]

The Spanish far right party Voice used as slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Spain Bang-up Again".[72] [73]

In popular civilisation [edit]

Rap-stone supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Once again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Not bad Again" catchphrase every bit information technology appears on a MAGA lid

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Developed pic star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Once again" strip social club bout. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[74]

Advertisement [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Brand America Douse Again".[75]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Once again was a street fine art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[76] [77]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Great Again".[78]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed every bit the World Trade Middle during the September 11 attacks, wore "Brand FishCenter Great Once more" hats.[79] [lxxx] [81]

Manner [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Cracking Over again" Official presidential campaign Flag to pattern a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to vesture on Red Carpet eastward.k. 2017 Grammy Awards.[82]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Over again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[83]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Once again" fez chapeau in ane scene.[84]
  • The Syfy moving-picture show Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[85]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would later apply as his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the Goggle box spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with 1 stating he does and so "to keep my country [America] great".[86] The side by side motion-picture show in the franchise, The Commencement Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA chapeau.[87]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the moving-picture show.[88]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin'southward Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Once more" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat eleven (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombatxi newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld neat again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[89]
  • In Metallic Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Corking Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[90]
  • In Hitman 2 (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a broadcast nether the slogan Haz que Colombia body of water grande otra vez .[91]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[92]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[93]
  • Make America Stone Over again was a rock concert tour.[94]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Motorcar, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Once more Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • Uk musician and writer James Kennedy released a stone protestation anthology in 2020 called 'Make ANGER Corking Over again'[95]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Brand America Crip Over again".[96]
  • Frank Turner released a vocal chosen "Brand America Bang-up Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Smashing Once more" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[97]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat maxim Make America Skate once again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Brand America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired past the Barack Obama "Hope" affiche.[98]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Anarchism released a song titled Make America Great Again.[99]
  • Metallic band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They as well sell a lid with the slogan "Brand Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Corking Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a graphic symbol, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[100] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[101]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Once again",[102] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[103] [104] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 meg views.[104]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen belongings signs begetting the slogan.[105]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious once again", a line that was compared to Trump past many reviewers.[106] [107] [108] [109]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May thirty, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Effect occurs at 0:00.
  2. ^ Schoen, Douglas (April 8, 2016). "Donald Trump saw what politicians ignored. And so he disrupted American politics". Fox News . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
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  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (February 5, 2019). "MAGA hats and blackface are different forms of expression, but they share a certain unfortunate Deoxyribonucleic acid". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Call Them by Their Truthful Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump'southward slogan, 'Brand America great once again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never State of white male person supremacy, where coal was an awesome fuel, blue-color manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the home, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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  35. ^ Kumar, Anita (May 20, 2020). "Trump tries on MAGA 2.0 for a pandemic era". Politico. Retrieved Nov 23, 2020.
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  44. ^ a b "#maga Hashtag Analytics". RiteTag . Retrieved July eighteen, 2018.
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  60. ^ Goldmacher, Shane (August 15, 2018). "Cuomo Says America 'Was Never That Bully' in Jab at Trump Slogan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April xxx, 2019.
  61. ^ "Holder to Trump: 'Exactly when did y'all recollect America was peachy?'". MSNBC. March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2019. Holder likewise discusses the Trump slogan of 'Brand America Great Again', posing the question: 'when did you lot call back America was great?'
  62. ^ Norman, Greg (March 28, 2019). "Eric Holder goes on MAGA attack: 'Exactly when did you remember America was swell?'". Fox News . Retrieved April 30, 2019.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

chacesurniarten.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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